Cerjay, D Lugtu
| Cerjay, D Lugtu |
Cerjay D Lugtu, Atull Dhall, Geelsu Hwang
Geelsu Hwang
Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine
Introduction
Nanohybrid composite is the preferred choice of dentists due to its enhanced physical and optical properties. While many nanoparticles exhibit antimicrobial activities, it is unclear whether these nanocomposites could inhibit bacterial accumulation and subsequent biofilm formation. The goal of this study is to examine if nanohybrid composite could significantly affect multi-species biofilm growth compared to hydroxyapatite discs.
Methods
TPH Spectra ST-HV composite discs (experimental) and hydroxyapatite discs (control) were examined. Samples were initially coated with filter-sterilized human saliva simulating salivary pellicle formation on teeth. Each disc was inoculated for 18 hours in a prepared culture medium consisting of Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus oralis. All species were grown to their respective mid-exponential phase. After harvesting the bacteria from the discs, we performed biofilm analysis on each sample group. The biofilm analysis utilized for this experiment included pH, dry weight, and bacterial count. Then, a statistical analysis was conducted using the 2-tailed Student’s t-test.
Results
Biofilm pH: Discs in the composite group had a final pH of 4.37 ± 0.005 while the discs in the hydroxyapatite group yielded a pH of 4.37 ± 0.013. There was no statistically significant difference between the pH of both groups after the experiments (p>0.05). Dry Weight: After inoculating for 18 hours, biofilm collected from the composite discs produced a dry weight of 0.04 ± 0.02mg. In contrast, the control group produced a dry weight of 0.05 ± 0.02mg. There was no statistically significant difference between the dry weight of both groups (p>0.05). Bacterial Count: The experimental group yielded 3.05×103±6.50×102 CFU/mL of S. mutans, 5.34×105±3.36×105 CFU/mL of S. oralis, and 8.38×104±6.23×104 CFU/mL of C. albicans. The control group yielded 4.47×103±8. 4×102 CFU/ml of S. mutans, 2.86×106±2. 3×106 CFU/mL of S. oralis, and 1.84×104±4.78×103CFU/mL of C. albicans. Between all three bacterial species, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group (p>0.05).
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that nanohybrid composite does not exhibit potent antibiofilm activity against multi-species biofilm growth compared with hydroxyapatite.